Iḥefsiyen
L’origine n yiḥefsiyen seg lɛerc n Iḥentaten. Iḥentaten-ayi d lɛerct-nni i d-iffkan leɛnaya i Lmehdi Ben-Tumert, winna akken isnulfan le dogme imweḥḥed.
Deg useggas n 1230, tama tasamrant n l’empire imweḥḥed tewwi timunent ines. Tama-nni tella tḥekkem-itt tawacult taḥefsit, arraw n Abu-Zakariya Ibnu-Ḥafs Al-Ḥintati, mmi-s n mmi-s n yiwen urabeḍ isem-is Abu-Ḥafs Al-Ḥintati. Abu-Ḥafs-ayi d netta i d-iffkan leɛnaya-s i Lmehdi Ben-Tumert.
Bgayet
Deg useggas n 1494, Abu-Ɛebdellah Muḥemmed yeqqel d agellid n yiḥefsiyen. Yextar sin seg warraw-is akken ad d-ilin d lḥekkam n Bgayet akk d Qsenṭina : Ɛebdleɛziz Abu-Lɛebbas deg Bgayet, akk d Bu-Bekker du Qsenṭina.
Yekker umennuɣ gar sin watmaten-ayi, acku limir Bu-Bekker yella yebɣa ad d-iḥkkem netta di Bgayet.
Yeẓdem Bu-Bekker-ayi ɣef Bgayet deg yiseggasen n 1503, 1504 akk d 1507.
Bgayet d usbanyul
Deg useggas n 1507, isbanyulen ṭṭfen Wahren.
Limir Ɛebdleɛziz n Bgayet iheyya-d iserdasen akken ad d-iruḥ ɣer Wahren ad ten-iɛin mgal isbanyulen.
Iserdasen n Bgayet iruḥen ad d-ɛiwnen Wahren xesren mgal isbanyulen. Ihi, deg 5 yennayer 1510, ẓedmen isbanyulen ɣef Bgayet.
Imir-nni, limir Ɛebdleɛziz ur yelli ara deg Bgayet, iruḥ ɣer Qsenṭina ad d-innaɣ mgal gma-s. Yeǧǧa arraw-is di Bgayet : Ɛebderreḥman, Lɛebbas akk d Abu-Fares.
Iserdasen iqqimen deg Bgayet xesren mgal isbanyulen. Kecmen isbanyulen ɣer Bgayet, u nɣan Abu-Fares, mmi-s n limir Ɛebdleɛziz, akk d les minkstres meṛṛa illan di Bgayet.
Tarewla ɣer Iwannuɣen
Ass n 13 deg ibrir 1510, Ɛebderreḥman d Lɛebbas srewlen imezdaɣ n Bgayet ɣer tama n Lwad Amizur neɣ Leqser.
Dinna, ẓedmen fell-asen isbanyulen deg yiḍ, u xirla i nɣan gar les refugiés n Bgayet. Gar wid-ak yemmuten iḍ-nni tella tameṭṭudt n limir Ɛebderreḥman akk d yelli-s.
Rewlen ihi Ɛebderreḥman akk d lɛebbas, yid-sen wid i mazal seg wid i rewlen seg Bgayet, ɣer yidurar n yiwannuɣen, i umi qqaren tura idurar n Lbiban, neɣ idurar n At Ɛebbas.
Zedɣen di tazwara deg Muqqa, dɣa deg Ccwarix, s akkin yebna limir Ɛebderreḥman yiwet la forteresse, semman-as Taqliɛt n yiwannuɣen, Qelɛet Wannuɣa s taɛrabt.
Wid i mazal ddren seg yimezdaɣ n Bgayet zedɣen deg teqliɛt-nni. Gar-asen llan kran udayen, des juifs séfarades, rewlen seg Sbanya, seg l’Inquisition, mi yeɣli Landalus.
Taqliɛt-nni i umi qqaren ass-a Lqelɛa n At Ɛebbas, bnan-tt deg yiwen ugni nnig udrar, à près de 1000 m d’altitude. Zzin fell-as lkifan si mkul taman nezmer ad nali kan seg yiwet tebridt deyyiqen, tewɛer i tikli.
A son apogée, tella tesɛa 60 000 n yimezdaɣ, gar-asen 3 000 d udayen. Xirla seg udayen-nni qqlen tura d inselmen.
Ass n 25 deg mayyu 1510, teɣli Bgayet far iffassen n usbanyul. Limir Ɛebdleɛziz n Bgayet yemmut deg umennuɣ mgal gma-s, Bu-Bekker n Qsenṭina.
Limir Ɛebderreḥman yeɛzel iman-is deg taddart n Tqerrabt n At Ɛebbas, anda yemmut. D gma-s amaẓuz, Lɛebbas, ar ad iḥekkmen deg Lqelɛa.
Akka i d-tennulfa tagelda n At Ɛebbas. Imir-nni, semman-as Tagelda n Iwannuɣen.
Lɛebbas iceyyeɛ imceyyɛen i Bgayet akken ad d-nigusyin akk d isbanyulen. Yeṭṭef-iten ɛemmi-s, Bu-Bekker, yenɣa-ten akk, s akkin yeẓdem ɣef Lqelɛa, maca ur s-izmir ara. Annect-a yeḍra-d di yulyu 1510. D tikkelt tamezwarut ar ad ẓedmen ɣef Lqelɛa n At Ɛebbas.
Isbanyulen xedmen un traité de paix akk d Lɛebbas. Winna akken illan d amḥaddi gar Lɛebbas akk d isbanyulen isem-us Abu-Muḥemmed Ben-Ḥmed Belqaḍi Al-Ɣubrini, winna akken i ittwassnen s yisem n Ḥmed U-Lqaḍi.
Ihi, deg 1511, isinya-d Lɛebbas talwit akk d isbanyulen. Isbanyulen ɛtarfen d akken ayen illan deg unẓul n Bgayet d tagelda s timmad-is, i umi semman « Reino de Labes« , tagelda n Lɛebbas. Lɛebbas yeqbel ad tili tamdint n Bgayet d yakk tama n lebḥar ddaw leḥkkem n usbanyul, u yerra-asen i yisbanyulen akk imeḥbas i llan ṭṭfen di Lqelɛa.
S akkin n mi sinyan talwit, 8 000 seg yimezdaɣ n Lqelɛa uɣalen ɣer Bgayet.
Akka i d-tennulfa Tagelda U-Ɛebbas, deg les épave n la province taḥefsit n Bgayet.
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